Preserve installed card databases when Oracle refresh fails (#7739)

* Preserve installed card databases when Oracle refresh fails

* Fix the Oracle refresh verdict and cover the parser write path

A background refresh that already installed cards.xml exited 1 when the
token save afterwards failed, so the client kept its old in-memory
database and reported the update as failed. Return the same verdict
main() already computes: a reject after the database was written is a
successful update.

Cover the writer Oracle actually uses: add a short-write death test for
CockatriceXml4Parser::saveToFile, which reverted to QFile would truncate
an installed database without any test noticing.

Route a failed background token download through reject() instead of a
modal box on a hidden wizard, which left the client waiting with no
timeout and blocked later updates. Test the first non-space byte in
place rather than copying the payload, and report an import refusal with
the importer's own message.

---------

Co-authored-by: Lukas Brübach <Bruebach.Lukas@bdosecurity.de>

libcockatrice_card/libcockatrice/card/database/parser/cockatrice_xml_3.cpp

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <QIODevice>
 #include <QList>
 #include <QMessageLogger>
+#include <QSaveFile>
 #include <QSharedPointer>
 #include <QStringView>
 #include <QXmlStreamAttributes>
@@ -499,7 +500,7 @@ bool CockatriceXml3Parser::saveToFile(FormatRulesNameMap _formats,
 {
     Q_UNUSED(_formats);
 
-    QFile file(fileName);
+    QSaveFile file(fileName);
     if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -539,5 +540,5 @@ bool CockatriceXml3Parser::saveToFile(FormatRulesNameMap _formats,
     xml.writeEndElement(); // cockatrice_carddatabase
     xml.writeEndDocument();
 
-    return true;
+    return !xml.hasError() && file.commit();
 }

libcockatrice_card/libcockatrice/card/database/parser/cockatrice_xml_4.cpp

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <QList>
 #include <QMap>
 #include <QMessageLogger>
+#include <QSaveFile>
 #include <QSharedPointer>
 #include <QStringList>
 #include <QStringView>
@@ -682,7 +683,7 @@ bool CockatriceXml4Parser::saveToFile(FormatRulesNameMap _formats,
                                       const QString &sourceUrl,
                                       const QString &sourceVersion)
 {
-    QFile file(fileName);
+    QSaveFile file(fileName);
     if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -730,5 +731,5 @@ bool CockatriceXml4Parser::saveToFile(FormatRulesNameMap _formats,
     xml.writeEndElement(); // cockatrice_carddatabase
     xml.writeEndDocument();
 
-    return true;
+    return !xml.hasError() && file.commit();
 }

oracle/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ set(ORACLE_WIN32_QM_INSTALL_DIR "translations")
 # Sources
 # ------------------------
 set(oracle_SOURCES
+    src/database_writer.cpp
     src/main.cpp
     src/oraclewizard.cpp
     src/oracleimporter.cpp

oracle/src/database_writer.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "database_writer.h"
+
+#include <QCoreApplication>
+#include <QIODevice>
+#include <QSaveFile>
+#include <QXmlStreamReader>
+
+namespace OracleDatabase
+{
+QString validateXml(const QByteArray &data)
+{
+    QXmlStreamReader xml(data);
+    if (!xml.readNextStartElement() || xml.name() != QLatin1String("cockatrice_carddatabase")) {
+        return QCoreApplication::translate("OracleDatabase", "The download is not a Cockatrice card database.");
+    }
+    const auto version = xml.attributes().value("version");
+    if (version != QLatin1String("3") && version != QLatin1String("4")) {
+        return QCoreApplication::translate("OracleDatabase", "The downloaded card database version is not supported.");
+    }
+    while (!xml.atEnd()) {
+        xml.readNext();
+    }
+    if (xml.hasError()) {
+        return QCoreApplication::translate("OracleDatabase",
+                                           "The downloaded card database is incomplete or invalid: %1")
+            .arg(xml.errorString());
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+bool saveXml(const QString &fileName, const QByteArray &data, QString *error)
+{
+    const QString validationError = validateXml(data);
+    if (!validationError.isEmpty()) {
+        if (error) {
+            *error = validationError;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    QSaveFile file(fileName);
+    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly) || file.write(data) != data.size() || !file.commit()) {
+        if (error) {
+            *error = file.errorString();
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (error) {
+        error->clear();
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+} // namespace OracleDatabase

oracle/src/database_writer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef ORACLE_DATABASE_WRITER_H
+#define ORACLE_DATABASE_WRITER_H
+
+#include <QByteArray>
+#include <QString>
+
+namespace OracleDatabase
+{
+// Validate the complete downloaded document without allocating a card database.
+// Empty string means valid; otherwise returns a diagnostic suitable for the wizard.
+QString validateXml(const QByteArray &data);
+// Never truncate the installed database: validate, write a sibling temporary file,
+// check the complete write and atomically commit it.
+bool saveXml(const QString &fileName, const QByteArray &data, QString *error = nullptr);
+} // namespace OracleDatabase
+
+#endif

oracle/src/oracleimporter.cpp

@@ -100,6 +100,10 @@ static CardSet::Priority getSetPriority(const QString &setType, const QString &s
 
 bool OracleImporter::readSetsFromByteArray(QByteArray data)
 {
+    importSuccessful = false;
+    importError.clear();
+    allSets.clear();
+    rawSetsData.clear();
     const RawJson::ScanProgressCallback progress =
         progressReporting
             ? [this](
@@ -764,7 +768,15 @@ int OracleImporter::startImport()
 {
     static ICardSetPriorityController *noOpController = new NoopCardSetPriorityController();
 
-    importCancelled.storeRelease(0);
+    importSuccessful = false;
+    importError.clear();
+    sets.clear();
+    cards.clear();
+    localizedEntries.clear();
+    splitLocalizedTexts.clear();
+    if (allSets.isEmpty()) {
+        return failImport(tr("No set has been selected for import."));
+    }
 
     // Pre-allocate the cards hash to avoid rehashing during import. Keys are
     // distinct card names while raw ranges only count printings (AllPrintings
@@ -786,9 +798,7 @@ int OracleImporter::startImport()
 
     for (const SetToDownload &curSetToParse : allSets) {
         if (importCancelled.loadAcquire()) {
-            // The wizard was closed mid-import: stop at the next set boundary so
+            return failImport(tr("The card database import was cancelled."));
-            // the caller can wait for this future without processing every set.
-            break;
         }
 
         CardSetPtr newSet = CardSet::newInstance(noOpController, curSetToParse.getShortName(),
@@ -798,30 +808,20 @@ int OracleImporter::startImport()
         // parse only this set's slice of the raw document so the whole JSON tree is
         // never kept in memory at once
         const RawJson::SetDataRange &rawRange = curSetToParse.getRawRange();
-        const qsizetype rangeEnd = rawRange.start + rawRange.length;
+        if (rawRange.start < 0 || rawRange.length <= 0 || rawRange.start > rawSetsData.size() ||
-        if (rawRange.start < 0 || rawRange.length <= 0 || rangeEnd > rawSetsData.size()) {
+            rawRange.length > rawSetsData.size() - rawRange.start) {
-            // rawSetsData is cleared by releaseSetData() while SetToDownload copies
+            return failImport(tr("The source data for set %1 is unavailable. Load the sets file again.")
-            // taken from getSets() keep their ranges, and nothing else enforces the
+                                  .arg(curSetToParse.getShortName()));
-            // pairing — so never index past the buffer on stale/mismatched ranges.
-            qWarning() << "error: out-of-bounds raw range for set" << curSetToParse.getShortName() << "skipping";
-            ++setIndex;
-            emit setIndexChanged(0, setIndex, curSetToParse.getLongName());
-            continue;
         }
-        // sliced() shares the buffer instead of deep-copying the slice; the largest
-        // sets in AllPrintings are tens of MB, so the copy is worth avoiding here.
         const QByteArray setBytes = rawSetsData.sliced(rawRange.start, rawRange.length);
         QJsonParseError parseError;
         const QJsonDocument setDoc = QJsonDocument::fromJson(setBytes, &parseError);
         if (parseError.error != QJsonParseError::NoError) {
-            qWarning() << "error: parsing card data for set" << curSetToParse.getShortName() << ":"
+            return failImport(
-                       << parseError.errorString();
+                tr("Could not import set %1: %2").arg(curSetToParse.getShortName(), parseError.errorString()));
-            ++setIndex;
+        }
-            // Keep the progress accounting honest: a set that failed to parse
+        if (!setDoc.isObject() || !setDoc.object().value("cards").isArray()) {
-            // still advanced the index, so report it (with zero imported cards)
+            return failImport(tr("Set %1 does not contain a card list.").arg(curSetToParse.getShortName()));
-            // rather than letting SaveSetsPage's bar stall per failed set.
-            emit setIndexChanged(0, setIndex, curSetToParse.getLongName());
-            continue;
         }
 
         // Only add the set to the database once its slice parsed cleanly;
@@ -838,7 +838,14 @@ int OracleImporter::startImport()
         emit setIndexChanged(numCardsInSet, setIndex, curSetToParse.getLongName());
     }
 
+    if (importCancelled.loadAcquire()) {
+        return failImport(tr("The card database import was cancelled."));
+    }
+    if (cards.isEmpty()) {
+        return failImport(tr("No cards were imported. The existing card database has been kept."));
+    }
     applyLocalizedData();
+    importSuccessful = true;
 
     emit setIndexChanged(0, setIndex, QString());
 
@@ -846,8 +853,23 @@ int OracleImporter::startImport()
     return setIndex;
 }
 
+int OracleImporter::failImport(const QString &message)
+{
+    importSuccessful = false;
+    importError = message;
+    sets.clear();
+    cards.clear();
+    localizedEntries.clear();
+    splitLocalizedTexts.clear();
+    qWarning() << message;
+    return 0;
+}
+
 bool OracleImporter::saveToFile(const QString &fileName, const QString &sourceUrl, const QString &sourceVersion)
 {
+    if (!importSuccessful) {
+        return false;
+    }
     CockatriceXml4Parser parser(new NoopCardSetPriorityController());
 
     return parser.saveToFile(createDefaultMagicFormats(), sets, cards, fileName, sourceUrl, sourceVersion);
@@ -861,6 +883,7 @@ void OracleImporter::releaseSetData()
 
 void OracleImporter::clear()
 {
+    prepareImport();
     sets.clear();
     cards.clear();
     allSets.clear();

oracle/src/oracleimporter.h

@@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ private:
      * the whole import (or racing it).
      */
     QAtomicInt importCancelled;
+    bool importSuccessful = false;
+    QString importError;
+
+    // Discard the incomplete in-memory database; the installed file is untouched.
+    int failImport(const QString &message);
 
     /**
      * The ISO-639 language code whose foreignData is imported; "en" by default.
@@ -278,7 +283,24 @@ public:
      * the wizard can hand over its decompressed buffer without copying it.
      */
     bool readSetsFromByteArray(QByteArray data);
+    // Returns the complete selected-set count on success, zero on failure or cancellation.
     int startImport();
+    bool hasSuccessfulImport() const
+    {
+        return importSuccessful;
+    }
+    const QString &getImportError() const
+    {
+        return importError;
+    }
+    // Call on the owning thread before scheduling a worker, so a cancellation
+    // arriving before that worker starts is not lost.
+    void prepareImport()
+    {
+        importCancelled.storeRelease(0);
+        importSuccessful = false;
+        importError.clear();
+    }
     /**
      * @brief Requests an in-flight startImport() to stop at the next set boundary.
      *

oracle/src/oraclewizard.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "oraclewizard.h"
 
 #include "client/settings/cache_settings.h"
+#include "database_writer.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "oracleimporter.h"
 #include "pages.h"
@@ -141,6 +142,13 @@ void OracleWizard::reject()
     }
 
     QWizard::reject();
+    // A hidden wizard does not close the application's last visible window.
+    // Stop background refreshes explicitly so the hosting client receives a verdict,
+    // using the same rule as main(): a reject after the database was written is still
+    // a successful update, only a reject that wrote nothing counts as a failure.
+    if (backgroundMode) {
+        QCoreApplication::exit(hasSavedDatabase() ? 0 : 1);
+    }
 }
 
 void OracleWizard::runInBackground()
@@ -212,17 +220,10 @@ void OracleWizard::disableButtons()
 
 bool OracleWizard::saveTokensToFile(const QString &fileName)
 {
-    QFile file(fileName);
+    QString error;
-    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
+    if (!OracleDatabase::saveXml(fileName, tokensData, &error)) {
-        qDebug() << "File open (w) failed for" << fileName;
+        qWarning() << error;
         return false;
     }
-
-    if (file.write(tokensData) == -1) {
-        qDebug() << "File write (w) failed for" << fileName;
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    file.close();
     return true;
 }

oracle/src/pages.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "pages.h"
 
 #include "client/settings/cache_settings.h"
+#include "database_writer.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "oracleimporter.h"
 #include "oraclewizard.h"
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 #include <QWizard>
 #include <QtConcurrentRun>
 #include <QtGlobal>
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <functional>
 #include <libcockatrice/settings/personal_settings.h>
@@ -169,7 +171,16 @@ LoadSetsResult loadSetsData(const QPointer<OracleImporter> &importer, QByteArray
         break;
     }
 
-    if (data.startsWith("<")) {
+    // Test the first non-space byte in place: trimmed() would duplicate the whole
+    // payload, which on the plain-XML path is the largest download we handle.
+    const auto firstNonSpace = std::find_if_not(data.cbegin(), data.cend(),
+                                                [](char c) { return c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\n' || c == '\r'; });
+    const bool looksLikeXml = firstNonSpace != data.cend() && *firstNonSpace == '<';
+    if (looksLikeXml) {
+        result.errorMessage = OracleDatabase::validateXml(data);
+        if (!result.errorMessage.isEmpty()) {
+            return result;
+        }
         result.ok = true;
         result.plainXml = true;
         result.xmlData = std::move(data);
@@ -651,6 +662,10 @@ void LoadSetsPage::importFinished()
         } else if (!result.ok && !result.plainXml) {
             qWarning() << tr("The file was retrieved successfully, but it does not contain any sets data.");
         }
+        if (!result.ok) {
+            wizard()->reject();
+            return;
+        }
         emit readyToContinue();
         return;
     }
@@ -717,7 +732,7 @@ SaveSetsPage::SaveSetsPage(QWidget *parent) : OracleWizardPage(parent)
 
 bool SaveSetsPage::isComplete() const
 {
-    return !importActive;
+    return !importActive && importReady;
 }
 
 void SaveSetsPage::cleanupPage()
@@ -730,8 +745,11 @@ void SaveSetsPage::cleanupPage()
 
 void SaveSetsPage::initializePage()
 {
+    importReady = false;
     retranslateUi();
     if (wizard()->downloadedPlainXml) {
+        importReady = true;
+        emit completeChanged();
         messageLog->hide();
         progressBar->hide();
         if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
@@ -757,6 +775,9 @@ void SaveSetsPage::initializePage()
     emit completeChanged();
 
     const QPointer<OracleImporter> importer = wizard()->importer;
+    if (auto *activeImporter = importer.data()) {
+        activeImporter->prepareImport();
+    }
     importFuture = QtConcurrent::run([importer] { return importer ? importer->startImport() : 0; });
     importWatcher.setFuture(importFuture);
 }
@@ -788,22 +809,28 @@ void SaveSetsPage::importFinished()
 
     const int setsImported = importWatcher.result();
     const QPointer<OracleImporter> importer = wizard()->importer;
+    importReady = importer && importer->hasSuccessfulImport() && setsImported == totalSets;
+    const QString error = importer ? importer->getImportError() : tr("The card database importer is unavailable.");
     if (importer) {
         importer->releaseSetData();
     }
+    wizard()->button(QWizard::NextButton)->setEnabled(importReady);
+    emit completeChanged();
 
-    if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
+    if (!importReady) {
-        if (setsImported == 0) {
+        const QString message = error.isEmpty() ? tr("No set has been imported.") : error;
-            qWarning() << tr("No set has been imported.");
+        if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
+            qWarning() << message;
+            wizard()->reject();
+        } else {
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), message);
         }
-        emit readyToContinue();
         return;
     }
 
     progressBar->setValue(progressBar->maximum());
-
+    if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
-    if (setsImported == 0) {
+        emit readyToContinue();
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("No set has been imported."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -854,6 +881,18 @@ void SaveSetsPage::updateTotalProgress(int cardsImported, int setIndex, const QS
 
 bool SaveSetsPage::validatePage()
 {
+    if (!isComplete()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const auto failSave = [this](const QString &message) {
+        qWarning() << message;
+        if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
+            wizard()->reject();
+        } else {
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), message);
+        }
+        return false;
+    };
     QString defaultPath = SettingsCache::instance().getCardDatabasePath();
     QString windowName = tr("Save card database");
     QString fileType = tr("XML; card database (*.xml)");
@@ -872,24 +911,21 @@ bool SaveSetsPage::validatePage()
     QFileInfo fi(fileName);
     QDir fileDir(fi.path());
     if (!fileDir.exists() && !fileDir.mkpath(fileDir.absolutePath())) {
-        return false;
+        return failSave(tr("The database directory could not be created: %1").arg(fileDir.absolutePath()));
     }
 
     if (wizard()->downloadedPlainXml) {
-        QFile file(fileName);
+        QString error;
-        if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
+        if (!OracleDatabase::saveXml(fileName, wizard()->xmlData, &error)) {
-            qDebug() << "File write (w) failed for" << fileName;
+            return failSave(tr("The file could not be saved to %1: %2").arg(fileName, error));
-            return false;
-        }
-        if (file.write(wizard()->xmlData) < 1) {
-            qDebug() << "File write (w) failed for" << fileName;
-            return false;
         }
         wizard()->xmlData.clear();
     } else if (!wizard()->importer->saveToFile(fileName, wizard()->getCardSourceUrl(),
                                                wizard()->getCardSourceVersion())) {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("The file could not be saved to %1").arg(fileName));
+        // The importer refuses to write a database whose import did not finish, and
-        return false;
+        // reports the reason there; do not dress an import failure up as a disk failure.
+        const QString importError = wizard()->importer->getImportError();
+        return failSave(importError.isEmpty() ? tr("The file could not be saved to %1").arg(fileName) : importError);
     }
 
     wizard()->markDatabaseSaved();

oracle/src/pages.h

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ private:
     QFuture<int> importFuture;
     int totalSets = 0;
     bool importActive = false;
+    bool importReady = false;
 
 protected:
     void initializePage() override;

oracle/src/pagetemplates.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "pagetemplates.h"
 
+#include "database_writer.h"
 #include "oraclewizard.h"
 
 #include <QCheckBox>
@@ -184,9 +185,17 @@ void SimpleDownloadFilePage::actDownloadFinished()
     }
     QNetworkReply::NetworkError errorCode = reply->error();
     if (errorCode != QNetworkReply::NoError) {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("Network error: %1.").arg(reply->errorString()));
+        const QString message = tr("Network error: %1.").arg(reply->errorString());
-        wizard()->enableButtons();
         reply->deleteLater();
+        // A hidden wizard cannot show a modal box: without an explicit stop it would sit
+        // here forever and the hosting client would wait with no timeout.
+        if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
+            qWarning() << message;
+            wizard()->reject();
+            return;
+        }
+        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), message);
+        wizard()->enableButtons();
         return;
     }
 
@@ -218,6 +227,15 @@ void SimpleDownloadFilePage::actDownloadFinished()
 
 bool SimpleDownloadFilePage::saveToFile()
 {
+    const auto failSave = [this](const QString &message) {
+        qWarning() << message;
+        if (wizard()->backgroundMode) {
+            wizard()->reject();
+        } else {
+            QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), message);
+        }
+        return false;
+    };
     QString defaultPath = getDefaultSavePath();
     QString windowName = getWindowTitle();
     QString fileType = getFileType();
@@ -236,12 +254,11 @@ bool SimpleDownloadFilePage::saveToFile()
     QFileInfo fi(fileName);
     QDir fileDir(fi.path());
     if (!fileDir.exists() && !fileDir.mkpath(fileDir.absolutePath())) {
-        return false;
+        return failSave(tr("The database directory could not be created: %1").arg(fileDir.absolutePath()));
     }
 
     if (!internalSaveToFile(fileName)) {
-        QMessageBox::critical(this, tr("Error"), tr("The file could not be saved to %1").arg(fileName));
+        return failSave(tr("The file could not be saved to %1").arg(fileName));
-        return false;
     }
 
     // clean saved downloadData
@@ -252,17 +269,10 @@ bool SimpleDownloadFilePage::saveToFile()
 
 bool SimpleDownloadFilePage::internalSaveToFile(const QString &fileName)
 {
-    QFile file(fileName);
+    QString error;
-    if (!file.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)) {
+    if (!OracleDatabase::saveXml(fileName, downloadData, &error)) {
-        qDebug() << "File open (w) failed for" << fileName;
+        qWarning() << error;
         return false;
     }
-
-    if (file.write(downloadData) == -1) {
-        qDebug() << "File write (w) failed for" << fileName;
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    file.close();
     return true;
 }

tests/carddatabase/carddatabase_test.cpp

@@ -36,6 +36,12 @@
 #include <libcockatrice/utility/card_ref.h>
 #include <string>
 
+#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
+#include <csignal>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
 namespace
 {
 
@@ -204,6 +210,64 @@ TEST(CardDatabaseTest, Xml4LocalizedDataRoundTrip)
     ASSERT_EQ(printings.first().getProperty("manacost"), "1R");
 }
 
+#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
+/**
+ * @brief A failed write keeps the previously installed card database intact.
+ *
+ * This is the writer Oracle uses to install a refreshed database, so the truncation
+ * bug has to be covered here and not only through OracleDatabase::saveXml.
+ */
+TEST(CardDatabaseTest, Xml4ShortWriteKeepsInstalledFile)
+{
+    NoopCardSetPriorityController controller;
+    CardSetPtr set =
+        CardSet::newInstance(&controller, "TST", "Test Set", "expansion", QDate(), CardSet::PriorityPrimary);
+
+    QHash<QString, QString> props;
+    props["manacost"] = "1R";
+    PrintingInfo printing(set, LazyPropertiesHash(props));
+    SetToPrintingsMap setsInfo;
+    setsInfo["TST"].append(printing);
+
+    CardInfo::UiAttributes attributes = {.tableRow = 1};
+    CardInfoPtr card =
+        CardInfo::newInstance("Lightning Bolt", QString(1024, 'x'), false, {}, {}, {}, setsInfo, attributes);
+
+    SetNameMap sets;
+    sets.insert("TST", set);
+    CardNameMap cards;
+    cards.insert("Lightning Bolt", card);
+
+    QTemporaryDir tempDir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tempDir.isValid());
+    const QString fileName = tempDir.filePath("cards.xml");
+
+    QFile installed(fileName);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(installed.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly));
+    ASSERT_EQ(installed.write("installed database"), 18);
+    installed.close();
+
+    // A real filesystem write failure, isolated in the death-test child so the
+    // process-wide file limit never affects other cases or the parent runner.
+    ASSERT_EXIT(
+        {
+            std::signal(SIGXFSZ, SIG_IGN);
+            struct rlimit limit;
+            limit.rlim_cur = 128;
+            limit.rlim_max = 128;
+            if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &limit) != 0) {
+                _exit(2);
+            }
+            CockatriceXml4Parser writer(&controller);
+            _exit(writer.saveToFile({}, sets, cards, fileName) ? 1 : 0);
+        },
+        ::testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "");
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(installed.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+    EXPECT_EQ(installed.readAll(), "installed database");
+}
+#endif
+
 /**
  * @brief Path provider serving a sandboxed copy of the test card database.
  */

tests/oracle/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ cockatrice_add_test(
   ../../oracle/src/oracleimporter.cpp
   ../../oracle/src/parsehelpers.cpp
   ../../oracle/src/raw_json_scanner.cpp
+  ../../oracle/src/database_writer.cpp
   oracle_importer_test.cpp
   LIBS
   libcockatrice_card

tests/oracle/oracle_importer_test.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+#include "../../oracle/src/database_writer.h"
 #include "../../oracle/src/oracleimporter.h"
 #include "../../oracle/src/raw_json_scanner.h"
 #include "libcockatrice/card/card_info.h"
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@
 #include <QByteArray>
 #include <QChar>
 #include <QDate>
+#include <QFile>
 #include <QJsonArray>
 #include <QJsonDocument>
 #include <QJsonObject>
@@ -20,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <QRegularExpressionMatch>
 #include <QSharedPointer>
 #include <QString>
+#include <QTemporaryDir>
 #include <QUuid>
 #include <QVariant>
 #include <QVariantMap>
@@ -30,6 +33,12 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 
+#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
+#include <csignal>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
 class OracleImporterTest : public ::testing::Test
 {
 protected:
@@ -1140,6 +1149,212 @@ TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, StartImportAppliesLocalizedData)
     ASSERT_EQ(result->getLocalizedText("pt"), "Raio causa 3 de dano a qualquer alvo.");
 }
 
+namespace
+{
+QByteArray refreshSource(const QString &name = "New Card")
+{
+    QJsonObject card{{"name", name},       {"text", "Rules text."}, {"layout", "normal"},
+                     {"type", "Artifact"}, {"number", "1"},         {"rarity", "common"}};
+    QJsonObject set{{"code", "TST"}, {"name", "Test Set"}, {"type", "expansion"}, {"cards", QJsonArray{card}}};
+    return QJsonDocument(QJsonObject{{"data", QJsonObject{{"TST", set}}}}).toJson(QJsonDocument::Compact);
+}
+} // namespace
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, FailedLazyParseKeepsInstalledDatabase)
+{
+    QTemporaryDir dir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(dir.isValid());
+    const QString path = dir.filePath("cards.xml");
+    QFile original(path);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly));
+    ASSERT_EQ(original.write("existing database"), 17);
+    original.close();
+
+    // The metadata scanner skips numeric values without converting them. Qt's
+    // per-set parser rejects an overflowing number after selection succeeds.
+    auto badSet = QJsonDocument::fromJson(refreshSource()).object().value("data").toObject().value("TST").toObject();
+    auto goodSet = badSet;
+    goodSet["code"] = "AAA";
+    goodSet["name"] = "A successful first set";
+    auto badCard = badSet.value("cards").toArray().first().toObject();
+    badCard["number"] = "overflow";
+    badSet["cards"] = QJsonArray{badCard};
+    QByteArray data = QJsonDocument(QJsonObject{{"data", QJsonObject{{"AAA", goodSet}, {"TST", badSet}}}})
+                          .toJson(QJsonDocument::Compact);
+    data.replace("\"number\":\"overflow\"", "\"number\":1e9999");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(data));
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->getImportError().contains("TST"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->getCardList().isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->saveToFile(path, {}, {}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+    EXPECT_EQ(original.readAll(), "existing database");
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, EmptyImportCannotReplaceInstalledCards)
+{
+    const QByteArray source = R"({"data":{"TST":{"code":"TST","name":"Test","type":"expansion","cards":[]}}})";
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(source));
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->getImportError().isEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, MissingSourceBytesCannotProduceSuccessfulImport)
+{
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource()));
+    const auto selected = importer->getSets();
+    importer->releaseSetData();
+    importer->getSets() = selected;
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->getImportError().contains("TST"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, CancellationDuringFinalSetCannotSavePartialDatabase)
+{
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource()));
+    QObject::connect(
+        importer, &OracleImporter::setIndexChanged, importer,
+        [this](int, int, const QString &name) {
+            if (!name.isEmpty()) {
+                importer->cancelImport();
+            }
+        },
+        Qt::DirectConnection);
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->getCardList().isEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, CancellationBeforeWorkerStartsIsNotLost)
+{
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource()));
+    importer->prepareImport();
+    importer->cancelImport();
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    importer->prepareImport();
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, NewImportReplacesPreviousInMemoryCards)
+{
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource("Old Card")));
+    ASSERT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 1);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource("New Card")));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    ASSERT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->getCardList().size(), 1);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->getCardList().contains("Old Card"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(importer->getCardList().contains("New Card"));
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, FailedSourceLoadCannotReusePreviousSuccessfulImport)
+{
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 1);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray("invalid JSON"));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(importer->hasSuccessfulImport());
+    EXPECT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(OracleImporterTest, SuccessfulRefreshCommitsCompleteXml)
+{
+    QTemporaryDir dir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(dir.isValid());
+    const QString path = dir.filePath("cards.xml");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->readSetsFromByteArray(refreshSource()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(importer->startImport(), 1);
+    importer->releaseSetData();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(importer->saveToFile(path, "test-source", "v1"));
+    QFile file(path);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+    const QByteArray xml = file.readAll();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(xml.contains("New Card"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(xml.contains("test-source"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(xml.contains("</cockatrice_carddatabase>"));
+}
+
+TEST(OracleDatabaseWriter, AcceptsCompleteSupportedVersions)
+{
+    EXPECT_TRUE(OracleDatabase::validateXml(
+                    "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?><cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"3\"><cards/></cockatrice_carddatabase>")
+                    .isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(OracleDatabase::validateXml("<cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"4\"><cards/></cockatrice_carddatabase>")
+                    .isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(
+        OracleDatabase::validateXml("<cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"5\"><cards/></cockatrice_carddatabase>")
+            .isEmpty());
+}
+
+TEST(OracleDatabaseWriter, InvalidDownloadPreservesInstalledBytes)
+{
+    QTemporaryDir dir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(dir.isValid());
+    const QString path = dir.filePath("tokens.xml");
+    QFile original(path);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly));
+    ASSERT_EQ(original.write("installed tokens"), 16);
+    original.close();
+    for (const QByteArray &payload : {QByteArray("<html>server error</html>"),
+                                      QByteArray("<cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"4\"><cards>"), QByteArray()}) {
+        QString error;
+        EXPECT_FALSE(OracleDatabase::saveXml(path, payload, &error));
+        EXPECT_FALSE(error.isEmpty());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+        EXPECT_EQ(original.readAll(), "installed tokens");
+        original.close();
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(OracleDatabaseWriter, CompleteDownloadReplacesInstalledBytes)
+{
+    QTemporaryDir dir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(dir.isValid());
+    const QString path = dir.filePath("cards.xml");
+    const QByteArray data("<cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"4\"><cards/></cockatrice_carddatabase>");
+    QString error = "previous failure";
+    ASSERT_TRUE(OracleDatabase::saveXml(path, data, &error));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(error.isEmpty());
+    QFile file(path);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+    EXPECT_EQ(file.readAll(), data);
+}
+
+#ifdef Q_OS_UNIX
+TEST(OracleDatabaseWriter, ShortWriteKeepsPreviouslyInstalledDatabase)
+{
+    QTemporaryDir dir;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(dir.isValid());
+    const QString path = dir.filePath("cards.xml");
+    QFile original(path);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly));
+    ASSERT_EQ(original.write("installed database"), 18);
+    original.close();
+    const QByteArray data = "<cockatrice_carddatabase version=\"4\"><!--" + QByteArray(16384, 'x') +
+                            "--><cards/></cockatrice_carddatabase>";
+    // A real filesystem write failure, isolated in the death-test child so the
+    // process-wide file limit never affects other cases or the parent runner.
+    ASSERT_EXIT(
+        {
+            std::signal(SIGXFSZ, SIG_IGN);
+            struct rlimit limit;
+            limit.rlim_cur = 128;
+            limit.rlim_max = 128;
+            if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_FSIZE, &limit) != 0) {
+                _exit(2);
+            }
+            _exit(OracleDatabase::saveXml(path, data) ? 1 : 0);
+        },
+        ::testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly));
+    EXPECT_EQ(original.readAll(), "installed database");
+}
+#endif
+
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);