[CrashReporting] Mock dialog, sentry skeleton and CI prerequisites

Mock: DlgCrashReport preview dialog (no account needed, redacted log
preview), CrashReportingMode Ask/Always/Never setting in DebugSettings,
--simulate-crash flag and Help-menu preview entry. Send writes a local
mock JSON only.

Vendor sentry-native 0.17.3 via FetchContent behind
WITH_CRASH_REPORTING (breakpad everywhere, backend none under
sanitizers) plus a CrashReporter facade with early init and post-loop
shutdown. DSN is a placeholder: empty CMake default with
COCKATRICE_SENTRY_DSN env override, so SDK init is skipped and mock
behavior is unchanged until a real DSN is configured.

CI prerequisites riding here so every layer below builds green:
libcurl dev plus CA bundles in the Linux images and CodeQL env, sentry
Qt integration off (its own find_package cannot see the macOS thin Qt
layout), and the StrFunc Using construction makensis requires.

Tests: ctest green, format clean, code plus UI gates PASS.

.github/workflows/desktop-build.yml

@@ -239,6 +239,7 @@ jobs:
           SUFFIX: '-${{ matrix.distro }}${{ matrix.version }}'
           package: '${{ matrix.package }}'
           server_only: '${{ matrix.server_only }}'
+          WITH_CRASH_REPORTING: 'ON'
         run: |
           source .ci/docker.sh
           args=()
@@ -558,6 +559,8 @@ jobs:
           VCPKG_DISABLE_METRICS: 1
           VCPKG_FEATURE_FLAGS: dependencygraph
           VCPKG_TARGET_MACOS_VERSION: ${{ matrix.vcpkg_deployment_target }}
+          # Release legs compile the sentry-native SDK; Debug legs stay SDK-free.
+          WITH_CRASH_REPORTING: ${{ matrix.type == 'Release' && 'ON' || '' }}
         run: .ci/compile.sh --server --test --vcpkg
 
       # CPack reports a failed makensis run as "Problem running NSIS command"