[CrashReporting] Mock dialog, sentry skeleton and CI prerequisites

Mock: DlgCrashReport preview dialog (no account needed, redacted log
preview), CrashReportingMode Ask/Always/Never setting in DebugSettings,
--simulate-crash flag and Help-menu preview entry. Send writes a local
mock JSON only.

Vendor sentry-native 0.17.3 via FetchContent behind
WITH_CRASH_REPORTING (breakpad everywhere, backend none under
sanitizers) plus a CrashReporter facade with early init and post-loop
shutdown. DSN is a placeholder: empty CMake default with
COCKATRICE_SENTRY_DSN env override, so SDK init is skipped and mock
behavior is unchanged until a real DSN is configured.

CI prerequisites riding here so every layer below builds green:
libcurl dev plus CA bundles in the Linux images and CodeQL env, sentry
Qt integration off (its own find_package cannot see the macOS thin Qt
layout), and the StrFunc Using construction makensis requires.

Tests: ctest green, format clean, code plus UI gates PASS.

libcockatrice_settings/libcockatrice/settings/personal_settings.h

@@ -24,8 +24,19 @@ public:
     void setShowTipsOnStartup(bool _showTipsOnStartup);
     void setSeenTips(const QList<int> &_seenTips);
 
+    enum class CrashReportingMode
+    {
+        Ask = 0,
+        AlwaysSend = 1,
+        NeverSend = 2
+    };
+
+    [[nodiscard]] CrashReportingMode getCrashReportingMode() const;
+    void setCrashReportingMode(CrashReportingMode _crashReportingMode);
+
 signals:
     void langChanged();
+    void crashReportingModeChanged(CrashReportingMode mode);
 
 public:
     explicit PersonalSettings(const QString &settingPath, QObject *parent = nullptr);