[CrashReporting] Mock dialog, sentry skeleton and CI prerequisites

Mock: DlgCrashReport preview dialog (no account needed, redacted log
preview), CrashReportingMode Ask/Always/Never setting in DebugSettings,
--simulate-crash flag and Help-menu preview entry. Send writes a local
mock JSON only.

Vendor sentry-native 0.17.3 via FetchContent behind
WITH_CRASH_REPORTING (breakpad everywhere, backend none under
sanitizers) plus a CrashReporter facade with early init and post-loop
shutdown. DSN is a placeholder: empty CMake default with
COCKATRICE_SENTRY_DSN env override, so SDK init is skipped and mock
behavior is unchanged until a real DSN is configured.

CI prerequisites riding here so every layer below builds green:
libcurl dev plus CA bundles in the Linux images and CodeQL env, sentry
Qt integration off (its own find_package cannot see the macOS thin Qt
layout), and the StrFunc Using construction makensis requires.

Tests: ctest green, format clean, code plus UI gates PASS.

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -422,6 +422,21 @@ if(WITH_CLIENT)
     ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cockatrice/src
     ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/libcockatrice_utility
   )
+  # CrashReporter is client code; DEFINITIONS keeps the test hermetic by compiling the
+  # no-op path (no sentry-native headers needed) regardless of WITH_CRASH_REPORTING.
+  cockatrice_add_test(
+    NAME
+    crash_reporter_test
+    SOURCES
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cockatrice/src/client/crash/crash_reporter.cpp
+    crash_reporter_test.cpp
+    LIBS
+    libcockatrice_settings
+    INCLUDE_DIRS
+    ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cockatrice/src
+    DEFINITIONS
+    COCKATRICE_WITH_CRASH_REPORTING=0
+  )
 endif()
 
 add_subdirectory(card_zone_algorithms)